Many people thought that the poet's real surname is Baltasar (misspelled as Baltazar) and "Balagtas" is his pen name. Balagtas adopted the legal surname, Baltasar, as part of the edict issued by Governor-General Narciso Claveria y Zaldua in 1849, which mandated the native population to adopt Standard Spanish surnames (Wikipedia). Balagtas, therefore, was his original (native) name.